Child Opportunity Index and 30-Day Readmission Among Children Discharged With New Long-Term Mechanical Ventilation via Tracheostomy: A Pediatric Health Information System Database Study, 2014–2023

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This study examines how neighborhood-level social determinants of health affect 30-day readmission rates among children on long-term mechanical ventilation via tracheostomy.
Retrospective cohort study utilizing data from 47 pediatric hospitals in the PHIS database from 2014-2023.
Analysis of 5927 children discharged on long-term mechanical ventilation via tracheostomy.
Assessment of readmission rates with comparisons based on the Child Opportunity Index quintiles.
26% of children (n=1521) were readmitted within 30 days after discharge.
Older age at discharge (≥11 years vs. <6 months) associated with lower readmission risk (aOR 0.64 [95% CI, 0.49-0.84]).
Every additional 30 days of hospital stay increased odds of readmission by 3% (aOR 1.03 [95% CI, 1.01-1.04]).

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Retrospective cohort study explores 30-day hospital readmission in children post-tracheostomy with LTMV, highlighting intervention needs.

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Scheller et al. (2026) studied this question.

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