Biogenic Nanocomposite Electrodeposition: Harnessing Algae‐Ag Hybrids for Eco‐Friendly Copper Refining

An investigation was supervised to integrate silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using marine green and red algae and to investigate their electro‐chemical purpose in copper electro‐refining as ecofriendly green additives. The amalgamated was formulated from the marine green alga (Ulva lactuca) and red algae (Hypnea cornuta) which improved via prepared silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The marine algae utilized, stored from Arabian gulf (KSA). The marine algae‐nanosilver amalgamations characteristic was examined via FTIR, SEM, particle size, and EDX. It was monitored that the percentage of nanosilver produced using red algae (Hypnea cornuta) 4.5% is superior to that using green algae (Ulva lactuca) 1.5%. It is remarked that nanosilver particle created by means of red algae (Hypnea cornuta) is approximately the same that using green algae (Ulva lactuca). The innovative, ecofriendly, and profitable maritime algae‐nanosilver composites act as a leveling and grain refining agent for copper electrorefining bath behavior which was inspected via potential of anode‐limiting current connotation and contrast of frequently increasing nanocomposites concentration (50–500 ppm). The limiting current I L diminish while hindrance effectiveness % elevations as the marine algae‐nanosilver composite concentration rise. The nanocomposites retardation behavior is adsorption dependent at the copper surface that enhanced via SEM and FTIR. The reaction energy of activation ( E a ) and activation constraints (Δ H *, Δ S *, and Δ G *) were processed and replicate powerful collaboration performance between the marine algae‐nanosilver composites and the copper surface. The marine algae AgNPs composites addition to bath greatly controls the growth characteristics and the crystal tradition. Current efficiency augments and energy consumption diminish copper electrodeposition as marine algae AgNPs composites concentration increase. Biological or green synthesis of silver nanoparticle methods essentially surpass the limitations of both physical and chemical methods. The investigation of AgNPs has sustained to increase, giving rise to promising proposals in medical, industrialized, and ecological treatments.