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June 19, 2026Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical SocietyOpen Access

Constraining the neutral hydrogen fraction during reionization: Cross-simulation inference using power spectrum and bispectrum

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Authors

AKAnoop KrishnaDMDeepthi MoorkanatHHiten

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Overview

Randomized trial infers mean neutral hydrogen fraction during reionization, indicating modeling uncertainty impacts results.

Key Points

  • The aim is to infer the mean neutral hydrogen fraction during the Epoch of Reionization using cross-simulation analysis.
  • Cross-simulation validation using 21cmFAST and ReionYuga simulations.
  • Training a neural network for 21-cm signal analysis across six redshifts.
  • Incorporation of realistic noise and cosmic variance from 50 realizations.
  • In the same-code case, bispectrum constraints are significantly tighter compared to power spectrum results.
  • In the cross-simulation case, constraints are improved by approximately 1.4 times relative to the power spectrum-only case.
  • Identification of systematic discrepancies that can exceed statistical uncertainties, highlighting modeling uncertainty as a major obstacle.

Cite This Study

Krishna et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a34de4165a5b0777af2db10https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stag1152
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