Landscape dynamics at the river-road interface: a multi-scalar landscape design perspective on Wachau road

Landscape dynamics pose a challenge to any structure that is considered to be permanent and robust, such as roads. In flood-prone areas in particular, transport infrastructure must adapt to changing conditions and needs. Therefore, integrating a landscape design perspective into infrastructure planning becomes increasingly important. Our study explores the interface between riverscape and roadscape, based on a case study known for its integrated landscape-infrastructure design: the Wachau road in Austria. Employing a qualitative multiple methods approach, the research combines spatial analysis, historical analysis and site observation to explore the spatial consequences of design solutions that emerged at the river-road interface. Key findings are synthesised in a typology of spatial situations alongside their visual and functional implications. Only a few design changes determine whether adaptations can serve multiple needs. Understanding the relationship between dynamic processes, design aspects and spatial qualities can inform future design decisions in road planning.