Explores ethical hacking and cyber-crimes in the context of internet vulnerabilities, suggesting improvements in data security.
Hacking is the expertise in any field that can be used for both ethical and unethical purposes. Those who perform hacking are known as Hackers. Therefore, hackers are classified as per their working and as per their knowledge. The ethical hackers are also known as white hat hackers. Ethical hackers use their hacking techniques for providing security legally. Generally white hat hackers are legally authorized hackers that work for Government. This paper explores the cyber world and cyber-crimes and its components over the internet. The fast-growing internet technology has benefited the e-commerce, e-mail, online banking or system, advertising, vast stores of reference material etc. But there is also a dark side internet becomes a common and easy tool for the criminal activity using the weak link and vulnerability of internet, the objective of this study is to understand the several hacking activities that come under the cyber-crime.
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Ware et al. (2026) studied this question.
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