Why the study?
Bovine pestiviruses are genetically and antigenically diverse and atypical ruminant pestiviruses are emerging, which challenges disease control programmes, vaccination, and diagnosis.
The genetic and antigenic diversity of bovine pestiviruses, along with the emergence of atypical strains, poses significant challenges to current vaccination and diagnostic strategies in cattle disease control programs.
Diversity of bovine pestiviruses may hinder control in LMICs; leaves open optimal global vaccine strategies.
Bovine Pestiviruses A and B, formerly known as bovine viral diarrhoea viruses (BVDV)-1 and 2, respectively, are important pathogens of cattle worldwide, responsible for significant economic losses. Bovine viral diarrhoea control programmes are in effect in several high-income countries but less so in low- and middle-income countries where bovine pestiviruses are not considered in disease control programmes. However, bovine pestiviruses are genetically and antigenically diverse, which affects the efficiency of the control programmes. The emergence of atypical ruminant pestiviruses (Pestivirus H or BVDV-3) from various parts of the world and the detection of Pestivirus D (border disease virus) in cattle highlights the challenge that pestiviruses continue to pose to control measures including the development of vaccines with improved cross-protective potential and enhanced diagnostics. This review examines the effect of bovine pestivirus diversity and emergence of atypical pestiviruses in disease control by vaccination and diagnosis.
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Riitho et al. (2020) studied this question.
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