Anti-GQ1b antibody syndrome presenting as acute ophthalmoplegia with pupillary involvement and blepharoptosis: a case report and literature review

A nti-GQ1b antibody syndrome represents a spectrum of autoimmune disorders affecting both the peripheral and central nervous systems, characterized by diverse and complex clinical manifestations.The syndrome is primarily defined by the clinical trial of ataxia, ophthalmoplegia, and areflexia.However, isolated completely bilateral ophthalmoplegia without ataxia or other neurological symptoms has rarely been reported.Rare cases of anti-GQ1b antibody syndrome presenting as acute ophthalmoplegia without ataxia or areflexia have been described recently, mostly in adult populations.In the present study, we report a novel case of a 13-year-old boy who presented with acute complete bilateral ophthalmoplegia with pupillary involvement and mild blepharoptosis.Furthermore, we provide a comprehensive review of the current research landscape regarding anti-GQ1b antibody syndrome, with particular emphasis on its atypical presentations in pediatric patients.Informed consent was obtained from the patient's parents.The process was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Case PresentationThe clinical course and diagnostic findings of this case are presented in Figure 1.A previously healthy