Advanced strategies for strengthening and repairing historic structures of religious buildings in areas subject to mining influence

The impacts of underground hard coal mining cause damage to buildings located within the range of impact. Underground mining operations induce continuous and discontinuous deformations in the mining area, as well as mining tremors posing significant risks to structures located on the surface. Underground mining operations can also cause changes in groundwater levels. This article analyzes the impact of continuous mining deformations on building structures, focusing on deformation indicators in mining areas. Using three examples, the manuscript presents a method for calculating and constructing building reinforcements to protect against continuous mining deformations. The article also discusses preventive measures to protect existing buildings from damage caused by mining activities, along with a detailed analysis of case studies of the reinforcement of masonry building structures. The study highlights the importance of structural reinforcement techniques using reinforced concrete and steel elements to limit damage caused by mining activities. The article emphasizes the need to use individual solutions tailored to specific local conditions in order to ensure structural integrity in regions affected by mining activities and to maintain the safety of structures. The examples described can serve as inspiration for an individual and modern approach to the reinforcement and modernization of buildings.