Feasibility of Group Interpersonal Psychotherapy in Lebanon: A Pilot Study

OBJECTIVE: Depression is highly prevalent in Lebanon, but the number of mental health specialists is limited; alternative interventions that increase access are needed. The authors evaluated the feasibility of group interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT-G) delivered in primary health care settings as part of national efforts to expand community-based services to address depression. METHODS: The authors conducted an open-label, mixed-methods feasibility trial in Lebanon. Fourteen providers completed IPT-G training and supervision by certified trainers to offer a nine-session IPT-G treatment using the Arabic version of the World Health Organization (WHO) manual. Participants scored ≥10 on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and were deemed low on suicide risk. Feasibility was assessed through provider focus groups. Participant outcomes included depression symptoms as indicated on the PHQ-9, level of functioning according to the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0), and provider competency evaluated with structured rating scales. RESULTS: One hundred twenty-nine female participants were enrolled in 24 groups, with 94% attendance; 17% dropped out. PHQ-9 scores declined by 63%, and WHODAS 2.0 scores decreased by 53%, with significant improvement observed in all six WHODAS 2.0 domains. Syrian participants had higher PHQ-9 scores than Lebanese participants at multiple sessions (p<0.05). Provider competency improved significantly across three consecutive supervised group cycles (p<0.05-<0.001). Providers reported high acceptability of and a strong intent to continue IPT-G but cited needs for adequate staffing, transport, and space. CONCLUSIONS: IPT-G was feasible in a Lebanese primary care setting and improved depression and functioning, supporting readiness for expansion of its availability, given adequate supervision and resources.