Impact of vitamin D deficiency on hyperlipidemia and hyperuricemia in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus in Bangladesh

Vitamin D (Vit-D) deficiency is considered a path to metabolic disturbance during pregnancy, especially among women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This study aimed to investigate the impact of Vit-D status on hyperlipidemia, hyperuricemia, and hypocalcemia in pregnant women with GDM in Bangladesh. Serum biochemical parameters were measured in 335 pregnant women using an automated chemistry and immunoassay analyzer. The associations among these parameters were investigated using the IBM SPSS statistical package. A P value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Among the population, 80.30% and 19.70% were without GDM and GDM, respectively. 30.45%, 48.36%, and 21.19% of the participants were identified as Vit-D sufficient (> 30 ng/mL), insufficient (20–30 ng/mL), and, deficient (< 20 ng/mL) respectively, with a higher prevalence of Vit-D deficiency and insufficiency in the second trimester during pregnancy. Serum Vit-D levels were significantly positively associated with calcium and HDL levels, whereas negative associations were observed with uric acid, fasting blood sugar (FBS), cholesterol (Cho), triglycerides (TG), and LDL ( p < 0.05). Remarkably, significantly ( P < 0.01) increased levels of uric acid, Cho, TG, LDL, and FBS along with decreased Ca and HDL were observed in the Vit-D-deficient plus GDM group, compared to Vit-D-sufficient plus without GDM group. Pregnant women with GDM, particularly those with Vit-D deficiency, are significantly associated with a high risk of hyperlipidemia, hyperuricemia, and hypocalcemia. The outcomes of this study emphasize the importance of routine Vit-D screening during pregnancy to minimize the threat of hostile metabolic outcomes during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Not applicable.