What question did this study set out to answer?

The aim is to perform a comprehensive analysis of the emotional tone in the writings of Russian statesmen from the 18th to 19th centuries.

Digital Anthropology of Emotions: A Sentiment Analysis of Diaries and Letters of Russian State Leaders in the 18th-19th Centuries

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Randomized trial analyzes emotional patterns in letters and diaries of Russian monarchs, suggesting cultural codes influences expression.

The aim is to perform a comprehensive analysis of the emotional tone in the writings of Russian statesmen from the 18th to 19th centuries.
Analyzed over 2 million words from letters and diaries of Catherine II, Alexander I, and Nicholas I.
Utilized deep learning models BERT (XLMRoBERTaLarge and Conversational RuBERT) for sentiment analysis adapted to historical texts.
Theoretical frameworks included emotional communities theory, semiotic approach, and computational text analysis methodologies.
Identified a stable correlation between document genre and emotional expressiveness, indicating historical context's effect on communication.
Discovered specific lexical markers of anxiety during political instability, such as the Decembrist revolt and Crimean War periods.
Noted an emotional dissonance in the sentiment of official versus personal writings, with effects seen in 19th-century literature.

Tormozov et al. (2026) studied this question.

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