Plasma Cell Vulvitis (Zoon’s Vulvitis): A Rare Case Report with Emphasis on Diagnostic Challenge

Plasma cell vulvitis (PCV), also referred to as Zoon’s vulvitis, is a rare and chronic inflammatory condition of the vulva characterized by distinctive red, glistening patches with a subtle red-orange hue. The condition can be asymptomatic or present with symptoms such as discomfort, dyspareunia, and pruritus, often mimicking other vulvar mucosal disorders like lichen planus. Due to its rarity and the overlap of symptoms with more common vulvovaginal conditions, PCV is frequently underreported and misdiagnosed. The exact etiology of PCV remains unclear, with possible associations to herpes simplex virus (HSV) and abnormal immune responses being hypothesized. This manuscript presents a case of PCV in a 46-year-old female who presented with a red, glistening, focally ulcerated patch on the vulva.