What question did this study set out to answer?

The study aims to understand how different media formats affect short-term memory recall among various educational levels.

June 20, 2026Open Access

One Narrative, Multiple Media: Learning and Memory across Text, Audio, Video and Virtual Reality

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Authors

BMBruno Matijašević NLNebojša Lujanović

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Overview

Randomized trial examines the influence of media modalities on memory recall across educational levels, suggesting pedagogical implications for learning.

Key Points

The study aims to understand how different media formats affect short-term memory recall among various educational levels.
Participants included primary school pupils, secondary school students, and university undergraduates.
A standardized narrative text was presented in four formats: text, audio, video, and virtual reality.
Recall was measured using a 40-item factual checklist.
In primary school pupils, text, audio, and VR showed comparable recall, while video resulted in lower performance.
Among secondary students, text and video yielded the highest recall, with VR producing the weakest results.
University students exhibited the highest recall with VR, outperforming text, audio, and video.

Cite This Study

Matijašević et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a3632fcdb0793dc1a539600 https://doi.org/10.7906/indecs.24.4.4

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June 20, 2026Open Access

One Narrative, Multiple Media: Learning and Memory across Text, Audio, Video and Virtual Reality

View Full Paper

Ask AI

Bookmark

Authors

BMBruno Matijašević NLNebojša Lujanović

Discussion

Member takes

Overview

Randomized trial examines the influence of media modalities on memory recall across educational levels, suggesting pedagogical implications for learning.

Key Points

The study aims to understand how different media formats affect short-term memory recall among various educational levels.
Participants included primary school pupils, secondary school students, and university undergraduates.
A standardized narrative text was presented in four formats: text, audio, video, and virtual reality.
Recall was measured using a 40-item factual checklist.
In primary school pupils, text, audio, and VR showed comparable recall, while video resulted in lower performance.
Among secondary students, text and video yielded the highest recall, with VR producing the weakest results.
University students exhibited the highest recall with VR, outperforming text, audio, and video.

Cite This Study

Matijašević et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a3632fcdb0793dc1a539600 https://doi.org/10.7906/indecs.24.4.4

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