Barriers, facilitators, and opportunities to accessing and providing musical care during the beginning of life: a mixed-methods survey study

Introduction The first 1001 days of life, from pregnancy through age two, are critical for child development and family wellbeing, yet are marked by vulnerabilities and inequities in access to care.Theory Creative health approaches, such as musical care, may support wellbeing while addressing these disparities. Using a mixed-methods survey approach, this article aims to understand the barriers, facilitators, and opportunities to equitably accessing/providing musical care activities during the beginning of life in the UK.Method Two online surveys were completed. One by 578 parents/caregivers and another by 50 providers of musical care activities. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics and regression models; qualitative data were analysed using thematic analysis.Results Barriers and facilitators were identified across three themes: resources and logistics (cost, proximity, timing), inclusivity and diversity (cultural fit, awareness, personal preference), and coordination and collaboration (training, organisational links). Overall, parents/caregivers expressed interest in more opportunities for participation. However, significant barriers – particularly cost and availability – limit access, especially for lower-income households. Providers highlighted the need for sustainable funding, training, and better collaboration. Facilitators included free or subsidised sessions, inclusive practices, and linking with existing services.Discussion Findings underscore the need for local, affordable, and culturally inclusive activities, alongside coordinated strategies to scale musical care equitably across the UK.