Honey production potential and Nectar secretion dynamics of improved Coriander Varieties for bee forage development at Adami Tulu Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia

Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) is an important multipurpose crop with emerging potential as a bee forage species in semi-arid environments. This study evaluated nectar secretion dynamics and honey production potential of improved coriander varieties under field conditions at Adami Tulu Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia. Nectar volume, sugar concentration, and pollen yield were measured across multiple time points, alongside environmental parameters such as temperature and humidity. Results showed that nectar secretion varied significantly among varieties and across the day, with afternoon peaks in nectar volume and concentration. Mean nectar volume ranged from 1.3–1.5 µl per flower, while sugar concentration averaged 30–31%. Honey yield potential was estimated at 35–39 kg/ha, depending on varietal density and floral abundance. These findings demonstrate that coriander can provide substantial forage resources for honeybees in semi-arid systems. Importantly, the observed relationships between nectar traits and environmental variables represent field associations rather than controlled causal effects. The study highlights varietal differences and practical implications for beekeepers and forage planners, while acknowledging the limitations of field-based observational design.