Personalized, EEG-controlled intermittent theta burst stimulation

Brain state-controlled and closed-loop approaches to transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) have emerged as a promising frontier in precision psychiatry [1]. Multiple groups have demonstrated that the phase of ongoing electroencephalographic (EEG) oscillations modulates cortical susceptibility to a standard TMS pulse, with most evidence to date coming from recordings of evoked potentials in the motor cortex [2]. These findings raise the prospect that EEG-synchronized stimulation could reduce inter-individual variability in therapeutic neuromodulation.