Effect of Radioactive Iodine Ablation Therapy on Ovarian Reserve in Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Cancer

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This study aims to investigate the relationship between radioactive iodine ablation therapy and ovarian reserve in premenopausal patients with differentiated thyroid cancer.
Included 66 premenopausal differentiated thyroid cancer patients aged 18-45 years, with 46 receiving RAI and 20 not receiving treatment.
Measured serum levels of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH).
Conducted multivariate linear regression analysis to assess the independent relationship between RAI treatment and AMH levels.
AMH levels were significantly lower in patients receiving RAI compared to those who did not (1.34 ± 0.37 ng/mL vs. 1.79 ± 0.25 ng/mL, p = 0.001).
No significant differences in serum levels of FSH, LH, and E2 between groups were observed.
RAI therapy was independently associated with lower AMH levels (β = −0.41, p = 0.003), and age also correlated independently with AMH levels (β = −0.36, p = 0.010).

Finds lower ovarian reserve in premenopausal thyroid cancer patients undergoing RAI therapy, suggesting potential risks.

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Gürbüz et al. (2026) studied this question.

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