Nutritional status, mortality and kidney disease progression in older patients with advanced chronic kidney disease

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Malnutrition is common in older patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study investigates whether nutritional status is associated with 1-year mortality and CKD progression in this population. METHODS: and/or initiation of kidney replacement therapy (KRT) within 1-year from inclusion. Associations between nutritional status and mortality were assessed using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models, associations between nutritional status and CKD progression were assessed using multivariable Fine-Gray models. RESULTS: ), with 160 patients (26.2%) at risk of malnutrition. During follow-up, 55 patients (9.0%) died and 154 patients (25.2%) experienced CKD progression. Patients at risk of malnutrition had significantly higher 1-year mortality risk (adjusted hazard ratio or HR 1.88, 95% CI 1.08;3.25) but not significantly higher CKD progression risk (adjusted subdistributional-HR 1.06, 95% CI 0.71;1.59). CONCLUSION: Older patients with advanced CKD and malnutrition risk face significantly higher 1-year mortality risk but not higher CKD progression risk. These findings may help identify vulnerable patients who are at high risk of early mortality who may benefit from dietary interventions.