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June 22, 2026npj Heritage ScienceOpen Access

A spherical fuzzy DEMATEL–ANP–VIKOR framework for adaptive reuse decision support in heritage structures: evidence from a UNESCO-listed caravanserai

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Authors

HAHaitham A. AshahSouthwest Minzu UniversityHLHongtao LiuHainan UniversityAAAkram A. N. AlabsiFujian University of Technology

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Implication

Randomized trial demonstrates adaptive reuse decision support in heritage structures, suggesting a valuable tool for preservation practitioners.

Key Points

  • This study aims to develop a comprehensive decision-support framework for adaptive reuse of heritage structures, addressing expert hesitancy and interdependencies among criteria.
  • Developed a framework integrating Spherical Fuzzy Sets with DEMATEL, ANP, and VIKOR methods.
  • Applied the framework to evaluate four reuse alternatives of the Samsarat al-Mansurah caravanserai using qualitative expert assessments.
  • Conducted three stages: interdependency mapping (SF-DEMATEL), weighting (SF-ANP), and ranking (SF-VIKOR).
  • Identified Historical & Cultural value as the most important criteria at 25.6% and Architectural value at 25.2%.
  • Ranked Traditional Crafts Market as the top alternative, with Cultural Heritage Museum as a compromise.
  • Achieved superior Spearman reliability of ρ = 0.81 compared to Fuzzy AHP-TOPSIS's ρ = 0.70.

Cite This Study

Ashah et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a38d0fdda1bad9caca30bcchttps://doi.org/10.1038/s40494-026-02503-w
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