Reduction of Attenuation in Fiber Networks: A Case Study of FiberOne Broadband Ltd

This study investigates the reduction of attenuation in fiber optic networks with a focus on improving service reliability and signal quality using FiberOne Broadband Ltd as a case study. The problem addressed is the persistent signal degradation observed across multiple network interfaces, where received power levels ranged between -28 dBm and -33 dBm, leading to frequent critical alarms, service interruptions, and poor customer experience. These challenges are largely attributed to factors such as excessive splitting ratios, poor installation practices, aging infrastructure, connector contamination, and cumulative splice losses. To address these issues, the study adopts a quantitative engineering approach using analytical models and real-time operational data. Key methods include the application of exponential attenuation modeling, logarithmic loss analysis, total link loss estimation, received power computation, signal-to-noise ratio evaluation, and OTDR-based fault localization. A standardized classification framework was developed to categorize network conditions into good, warning, and critical states, while a structured attenuation reduction checklist was implemented to guide field interventions. Data sources include Smart OLT monitoring systems, OTDR test results, and infrastructure audits across 25 network interfaces. Results show that fiber attenuation at 1310 nm caused power reduction from 4 dBm to approximately -4.75 dBm over 25 km, while total link loss for a 10 km span reached 4.7 dB. High split ratios (1:64) reduced received power to -25.25 dBm, approaching critical thresholds. Field interventions improved signal levels from -33 dBm to -26 dBm and from -27 dBm to -22 dBm, achieving gains of 5–7 dB. Additionally, network availability improved toward 99.999% reliability with reduced downtime. The study recommends policies including routine OTDR audits, strict adherence to installation standards, optimization of splitting ratios, regular connector maintenance, and phased infrastructure upgrades to ensure sustainable network performance and enhanced service delivery.