Chemical Aging of Radicular Dentin: The Conflict Between Effective Disinfection and Structural Integrity

This review article explores the intricate challenge in root canal treatment, specifically the conflict between achieving effective microbial disinfection and preserving the structural integrity of radicular dentin. Historically, the success of root canal treatment has been measured by effective microbial eradication. However, the long-term survival of endodontically treated teeth heavily depends on their biomechanical resistance to fracture. This paper addresses the phenomenon of “chemical aging” of radicular dentin, a degradation process resulting from the chemical irrigants used in disinfection. It highlights the mechanisms by which these agents weaken dentin and presents evidence-based clinical protocols aimed at balancing disinfection with the preservation of dentin's biomechanical properties. A paradigm shift in endodontics towards a biomechanically respectful approach to ensure the long-term longevity of treated teeth will also be discussed.