Biomodification of the Dentinal Substrate: A Comprehensive Review of Biochemical Strategies, Molecular Dynamics, and Clinical Work Flows

AbstractObjective: To systematically evaluate the biochemical and clinical strategies surrounding the biomodification of the dentinal substrate in conservative dentistry andendodontics.Materials and Methods: A comprehensive synthesis of structural alterations, collagen cross-linking systems, bioactive materials, and endogenous enzyme inhibition kinetics was performed utilizing high resolution analytical imagery and mechanical validation paradigms.Results: Modern therapeutic approaches shifting from purely mechanical preparation to cellular and biochemical engineering markedly maximize interfacial resin dentinbond longevity, heighten root fracture resistance, and regulate baseline hybrid layer degradation.Conclusions: Biomodification bridges traditional micro-invasive restorations with biomimetic regenerative medicine, providing clinically predictable pathways topreserve natural tooth structure.