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Comprehensive review explores biometric authentication methods and implications for identity verification.
In an era marked by digital transformation and the ubiquity of technology, the need for robust and reliable methods of identity verification has become paramount. Biometric authentication, an innovative and dynamic field, has emerged as a cornerstone in the realm of security systems. Unlike traditional authentication methods such as passwords or PINs, biometrics leverages unique physiological and behavioral traits to confirm an individual's identity, providing a level of security and convenience unparalleled by its predecessors. This review article aims to delve into the multifaceted world of biometric authentication, offering a comprehensive exploration of its historical roots, current modalities, underlying technologies, applications across industries, and the challenges and opportunities it presents. As we navigate through the intricacies of biometrics, we will also address pressing concerns related to security and privacy, discuss existing standards and regulations, and cast a gaze into the future to anticipate the evolving landscape of biometric authentication. In doing so, we seek to provide readers with a well-rounded understanding of the past, present, and future of biometric authentication, highlighting its significance in reshaping the dynamics of identity verification in our increasingly interconnected world.
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Hosseini et al. (2025) studied this question.
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