African American patients delayed seeking treatment for acute myocardial infarction significantly longer than non-Hispanic White patients (3.25 vs. 2.0 median hours).
Cross-Sectional (n=212)
African American patients delay significantly longer than non-Hispanic White patients in seeking treatment for acute myocardial infarction, highlighting demographic disparities in pre-hospital delay.
Absolute Event Rate: 3.25% vs 2%
BACKGROUND: Patients experiencing an acute myocardial infarction are known to delay seeking treatment between 2 and 4 hours. This delay is problematic because individuals who receive treatment 2 or more hours after the onset of symptoms are less likely to benefit from emergent reperfusion techniques. Persons most likely to delay seeking treatment for an acute myocardial infarction and their reasons have not been clearly identified. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of selected demographic, clinical, cognitive, and environmental variables on the length of the time of delay. In addition, the study was designed to identify whether women delayed longer than men, and whether African Americans delayed longer than non-Hispanic Whites during an acute myocardial infarction. METHOD: A structured interview was conducted in a convenience sample (N eq> 212) of African American and non-Hispanic White patients hospitalized after acute myocardial infarction. Patients were asked detailed information about the sequence of events prior to the acute myocardial infarction, and the symptoms experienced. Medical records were examined for clinical information. RESULTS: Women did not delay significantly longer than men (2.0 vs. 2.5 median hours). African Americans delayed significantly longer than non-Hispanic Whites (3.25 hours vs. 2.0 median hours). Race did not contribute unique variance to delay time in a simultaneous multiple regression analysis; however, race was a significant predictor variable in whether or not participants sought treatment within the first hour after the onset of symptoms. The variance in delay time for African American and Non-Hispanic White men and women that could be explained by the predictor variables ranged from 23-47%. CONCLUSIONS: The reasons for delay differed in part by sex and race.
Zerwic et al. (Thu,) conducted a cross-sectional in Acute myocardial infarction (n=212). African American race vs. non-Hispanic White race was evaluated on Length of time of delay in seeking treatment. African American patients delayed seeking treatment for acute myocardial infarction significantly longer than non-Hispanic White patients (3.25 vs. 2.0 median hours).