Predictive Archaeology and the Reconstruction of Hidden History in the Bosnian Valley of the Pyramids

This article introduces a predictive archaeology framework developed through a cumulative series of geometric andstatistical investigations in the Bosnian Valley of the Pyramids near Visoko, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Eightpreviously published studies have established, in sequence, that the valley exhibits non-random spatial structure:Fibonacci-based spiral geometry, straight-line alignments, near-equilateral triangular configurations, and cardinalorientations. Each layer of evidence was subjected to Monte Carlo null-model testing, with consistent resultsindicating that the observed configurations are statistically unlikely to arise by chance. Building on this validatedgeometric model, the present study applies a predictive methodology: If the known monuments of the valley—theBosnian Pyramids of the Sun, Moon, Dragon, and Love; the Temple of Mother Earth; the Tumulus in Vratnica; andthe Ravne underground tunnel network—are nodes within a planned spatial system, then the geometry of that systemshould predict the existence and approximate location of additional, as-yet-unconfirmed monumental features. Aquantified inventory of 13 collinear alignments (maximum deviation ≤3%) and two near-equilateral triangularconfigurations is presented as the evidentiary base. Five candidate sites are evaluated: Dragon Head (43°59'06'' N,18°11'57'' E), proposed as a sixth pyramid-form structure, and four tumulus-class monuments at Smreke, Bedem,Četnica, and Krtnica. For each candidate, positional correspondence with Fibonacci spiral trajectories, linearalignments, and cardinal geometric axes is assessed against the established coordinate framework. The results indicatethat all five candidates occupy positions consistent with the predictive geometric framework, including theexceptionally precise Sun-Vratnica-Krtnica alignment (0.05% collinearity error) and the Sun-Dragon-Smreke nearequilateral triangle (97.72% equilateral similarity). These findings support the utility of geometric modeling as aprospective tool in archaeological investigation.