Determinants of implementation success for a digital single-session intervention for workplace mental health: Mixed methods evaluation in a cluster trial

Background Programs to support mental health in workplaces, particularly those using digital methods, show promise for increasing appropriate use of services. However, it is unclear which factors influence the successful implementation of such programs. Methods Implementation outcomes from a cluster randomised trial (cRCT) of a digital single-session intervention (Helipad program) for improving mental health help seeking in employees were explored using both qualitative interviews ( n = 16) and quantitative data collected at post-test during the cRCT ( N = 344). Linear regression analyses tested predictors of participation (uptake) by workplace, and predictors of participant views about the acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility of both the Helipad program and the control (static psychoeducation only). Qualitative data were thematically analysed to summarise feedback and recommendations around implementing the program, based on the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. Results The Helipad program performed better than the control program for participant implementation outcomes, with significantly superior acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility. More intensive methods to encourage participation such as additional emails, meetings, and delivery via a learning management system were associated with significantly greater uptake. There were few differences in acceptability ratings between workplace types indicating that the program may be useful and acceptable in a broad range of settings. Qualitative data indicated that the Helipad program was easy-to-use and contained a broad range of information on workplace mental health. A challenge identified by participants was how to best engage people with less interest or low perceived need for mental health support. Recommendations for implementation included ensuring workplace leader investment, allowing time during work to complete the program and modelling positive attitudes and behaviours towards mental health and help seeking. Conclusions Implementation of workplace mental health interventions can be enhanced by clear communication with workplace leaders about its benefits, and by facilitating engagement of employees with the program during work time. Partnerships with stakeholders such as insurance companies or industry bodies may improve reach. Trial registration : Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) ACTRN12623000270617.