Finite Element Modeling and Experimental Study of Piezoelectric Beam Impact Vibration Based on the Relative Mode Transfer Method

A finite element method (FEM) framework incorporating the relative mode transfer method (RMTM) was developed to investigate the vibro-impact dynamics of piezoelectric cantilevers with unilateral stoppers. The governing equations under frequency-sweep excitation were derived, and an experimental platform was established for validation. Frequency-sweep tests demonstrated excellent agreement between simulations and measurements, with relative errors below 1%, confirming the accuracy, stability, and robustness of the FEM-RMTM framework as a reliable and efficient tool for modeling vibro-impact systems with nonlinear boundaries.