A Nurse-Led Intervention in General Practice to Manage People with Chronic Conditions: A Protocol for a Quasi-Experimental Study

Background/Objectives: Chronic diseases account for 74% of global deaths, with multimorbidity (existence of more than one chronic condition) increasing disability risk and treatment burden, leading to poor adherence, disease progression, and reduced quality of life. Nursing-led proactive care models that focus on patient engagement, education, and self-care can help mitigate these challenges. The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a nurse-led proactive health intervention in improving care for individuals with chronic diseases in general practice. Methods: A quasi-experimental pre–post study will be conducted in a Community Health Home in Northern Italy. Family and community nurses will deliver the intervention, which includes assessments, educational sessions, and follow-ups for patients aged 65+ with at least one chronic condition. Recruitment will occur over three months. Results: Primary outcomes include emergency department visits and hospitalizations, while secondary outcomes focus on medication adherence, self-care, and service utilization. Data will be collected at 6 and 12 months, and statistical analysis will use descriptive methods and generalized estimating equations (GEEs). Conclusions: This study will improve the understanding of the value of nurse-led proactive intervention, filling the gap in the literature by testing evidence-based approaches on a realistic frail population. Moreover, delivering a complex but structured intervention will provide evidence for future interventions to reduce treatment burden and improve health outcomes.