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Demonstrates the lensing offset in the Bullet Cluster, highlighting vacuum dynamics over dark matter as the cause.
his paper demonstrates that the observed spatial offset in the 1E 0657-56 (Bullet Cluster) collision is not caused by dark matter, but by macroscopic pressure waves within a superfluid vacuum, proving that the lensing offset is a direct hydrodynamic consequence of supersonic baryonic propagation.
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Umut Artik (2026) studied this question.
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