Yam starch (YS) alleviates ulcerative colitis (UC), but whether heat-moisture treatment (HMT) enhances this effect remains unclear. This study examined the impact of HMT on the structural features of yam starch and yam flour (YF) and their UC-mitigating capacity. The results showed that HMT increased the resistant starch (RS) content in YF by forming starch-lipid complexes and, in YS, it enhanced the RS content through recrystallization. Animal experiments demonstrated that YF, HMT-modified YF, YS, and HMT-modified YS all alleviate UC symptoms, with HMTYS being the most effective. Specifically, HMTYS corrected DSS-induced intestinal flora imbalances by promoting beneficial bacteria (LachnospiraceaeNK4A136group, bacteroides, and akkermansia). Short-chain fatty acids produced from RS fermentation by these bacteria repaired the intestinal barrier and inhibited inflammation, creating a cycle that alleviated the colitis. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) experiments confirmed that HMTYS alleviates UC by modulating the gut microbiota and increasing the level of SCFA production.
Wang et al. (Thu,) studied this question.
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