Randomized trial investigates early treatment failure in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma, highlighting risk factors for adverse outcomes.
Key Points
The study aims to identify clinical factors associated with early treatment failure in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma receiving cilta-cel.
Included patients receiving cilta-cel with follow-up of at least 12 months or early progression/death within 12 months.
Evaluated clinical factors such as prior BCMA therapy, extramedullary disease, and CAR-HEMATOTOX score as predictors of early treatment failure.
Analyzed progression-free survival and measurable residual disease positivity at 3 months in relation to treatment outcomes.
Of 52 patients with early treatment failure, 69% experienced progressive disease and 31% had a non-relapse mortality event.
Patients with measurable residual disease positivity had an increased risk of early treatment failure (OR 5.68; p = 0.012).
Less than a complete response on FDG PET/CT at 3 months significantly increased the risk of early treatment failure (OR 11.8; p < 0.0001).