A generative interplay between betterment realization and betterment search cycles in tacit knowledge use

How is tacit knowledge (TK) used in the context of knowledge work (KW) by individuals who cannot rely on expert guidance? Drawing on qualitative data collected from 127 individuals engaged in amateur artistic work, this study develops an inductive framework and proposes that the use of TK during KW is shaped by a generative interplay between four practices and two knowledge cycles, moderated by individual characteristics and influenced by an acclimating antecedent. The four practices include immersing, distancing, modulating, and internalized scanning. Individuals build on their prior knowledge and periodically self-assess their performance in a betterment realization cycle. When knowledge is unavailable, they rely on internalized scanning practices in a betterment search cycle, seeking environmental cues and templates for action. Through these two cycles, they perform KW without expert guidance. These findings have theoretical and practical implications.