The Southern Oscillation is the dominant signal appearing in interannual variations of global climate. It involves an aperiodic exchange of atmospheric mass between the Indonesian area and the southeast Pacific, and is intimately related to the “El Nino” phenomenon. Research contributing to the current understanding of the Southern Oscillation is reviewed. Particular emphasis is given to the associated effects on New Zealand weather, and their implications for seasonal forecasting in New Zealand are discussed.
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Neil D. Gordon (1985) studied this question.
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