Key result
A high-sugar/fat diet induced metabolic syndrome independently of adipose tissue inflammation, with inflammation and adipocyte hypertrophy only appearing after 24 weeks of exposure.
Why the study?
Does a high-sugar/fat diet induce metabolic syndrome and adipose tissue inflammation at different times in a rat model?
Does a high-sugar/fat diet induce metabolic syndrome and adipose tissue inflammation at different times in a rat model?
Absolute Event Rate: 4.8% vs 1.17%
p-value: p=<0.05
In a rat model, metabolic syndrome components develop early in response to a high-sugar/fat diet, whereas adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance occur later and are associated with adipocyte hypertrophy.
Metabolic syndrome may precede adipose inflammation in diet models; hypothesis-generating and leaves open human relevance.
Obesity is associated with low-grade inflammation, triggered in adipose tissue, which may occur due to an excess of SFA from the diet that can be recognised by Toll-like receptor-4. This condition is involved in the development of components of the metabolic syndrome associated with obesity, especially insulin resistance. The aim of the study was to evaluate the manifestation of the metabolic syndrome and adipose tissue inflammation as a function of the period of time in which rats were submitted to a high-sugar/fat diet (HSF). Male Wistar rats were divided into six groups to receive the control diet (C) or the HSF for 6, 12 or 24 weeks. HSF increased the adiposity index in all HSF groups compared with the C group. HSF was associated with higher plasma TAG, glucose, insulin and leptin levels. Homeostasis model assessment increased in HSF compared with C rats at 24 weeks. Both TNF-α and IL-6 were elevated in the epididymal adipose tissue of HSF rats at 24 weeks compared with HSF at 6 weeks and C at 24 weeks. Only the HSF group at 24 weeks showed increased expression of both Toll-like receptor-4 and NF-κB. More inflammatory cells were found in the HSF group at 24 weeks. We can conclude that the metabolic syndrome occurs independently of the inflammatory response in adipose tissue and that inflammation is associated with hypertrophy of adipocytes, which varies according to duration of exposure to the HSF.
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Francisqueti‐Ferron et al. (2017) studied Metabolic syndrome and obesity (n=48). High-sugar/fat diet vs. Control diet (12% energy from fat) was evaluated on HOMA-IR at 24 weeks (p=<0.05). A high-sugar/fat diet induced metabolic syndrome independently of adipose tissue inflammation, with inflammation and adipocyte hypertrophy only appearing after 24 weeks of exposure.