What question did this study set out to answer?

The aim is to present a unified theory that explains the four fundamental interactions through a singular ontological framework.

June 28, 2026Open Access

Real-Virtual Dual Field Theory: Unified Origin, Mechanism and Mathematical Derivation of the Four Fundamental Interactions

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This theoretical framework unifies gravity, electromagnetism, and nuclear forces, suggesting profound implications for cosmology.

The aim is to present a unified theory that explains the four fundamental interactions through a singular ontological framework.
Constructed a dual field strength vector and gradient-divergence-curl differential framework.
Derived a global unified Lagrangian using first-principle variation.
Validated predictions against observations in cosmic background radiation and galaxy dynamics.
Achieved unification of all four fundamental forces under one theoretical model.
Produced calculated values with less than 0.1% average relative error compared to observational data.
Proposed new falsifiable predictions that adhere to scientific methodology.

zhongqiang Liu (2026) studied this question.

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