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June 28, 2026WaterOpen Access

Long-Term Multivariate Dynamics of Water Quality in the Chicago and Des Plaines River Watersheds: Evidence from Principal Component Analysis (2001–2025)

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Authors

SKSender KyeremehSRSanoar Rahman

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Overview

Long-term monitoring reveals evolution in water quality in urban watersheds, indicating impact of environmental stressors.

Key Points

  • This study aims to assess water quality changes in the Chicago and Des Plaines River watersheds over 25 years.
  • Long-term data analysis from 51 monitoring stations between 2001 and 2025
  • Annual application of principal component analysis to identify trends in water quality metrics
  • Assessment of ten water quality parameters including phosphorus and nitrogen
  • During 2001-2012, three principal components were identified, indicating independent stressor gradients.
  • From 2013 onward, a single component accounted for 78-84% of variance, signaling a shift to integrated pollutant responses.
  • Decreases in total phosphorus, total dissolved solids, and nitrogen were observed alongside this structural change.

Cite This Study

Kyeremeh et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a40bb1461bb0a67205c6bfchttps://doi.org/10.3390/w18131563
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