Five tests support HAL framework's predictions on graviton mass and gravitational phenomena, indicating broader implications for physics.
Five additional observational tests of the HAL framework: (1) Shapiro delay identical to GR, compatible with Cassini at 0.09 sigma. (2) Graviton mass exactly zero. (3) Lensed source flux enhanced by C0^2, giving 15.8 milli-magnitude brightening detectable with LSST. (4) Primordial GW power spectrum enhanced by 1.46%, detectable with SKA. (5) Grand unification scale unchanged, with alpha_em as exact input. HAL is consistent with all twelve gravitational tests and carries five independent falsifiable predictions all equal to alpha_em = +0.7297%.
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Mordecai Gavila Alvarez (2026) studied this question.
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