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These commentaries discuss the molecular mechanisms of smooth muscle cell responses to injury via CArG box elements and the role of IRE1 in early B lymphocyte development.
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Editorial
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This commentary emphasizes the shift from general phenotypic descriptions of smooth muscle cells to precise molecular mechanisms, specifically the role of CArG box elements in regulating SMC responses to injury.
For 3 decades, terms such as synthetic phenotype and contractile phenotype have been used to imply the existence of a specific mechanism for smooth muscle cell (SMC) responses to injury. In this issue of the JCI, Hendrix et al. offer a far more precise approach to examining the mechanisms of SMC responses to injury, focused not on general changes in phenotype but on effects of injury on a single promoter element, the CArG [CC(A/T)6GG] box, in a single gene encoding smooth muscle (SM) alpha-actin. Since CArG box structures are present in some, but not all, SMC genes, these data suggest that we may be progressing toward establishing a systematic, molecular classification of both SMC subsets and the response of SMCs to different injuries.
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Mahoney et al. (2005) reported an editorial. These commentaries discuss the molecular mechanisms of smooth muscle cell responses to injury via CArG box elements and the role of IRE1 in early B lymphocyte development.
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