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In a cross-sectional survey of 1,397 residents of Manaus, Brazil, we found a seroprevalence of 0.3% for human T-lymphotropic viruses (HTLVs) 1/2 and identified HTLV type 1aC by phylogenetic analysis. Those findings provide evidence of introduction of West African HTLV-1aC into the Brazilian Amazon and highlight regional limitations in genomic surveillance.
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Silva et al. (2026) studied this question.
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