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July 1, 2026The OncologistOpen Access

Comparison of Allo-HSCT outcomes after CAR-T therapy versus chemotherapy in pediatric patients with relapsed/refractory B-ALL: a retrospective study

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Authors

BLBohan LiCLChengjuan LuoJLJun Lu

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Overview

Retrospective study compares survival outcomes after HSCT following CAR-T or chemotherapy in pediatric patients, indicating implications for treatment choices.

Key Points

  • This study aims to clarify the preferred treatment method before HSCT for pediatric patients with relapsed/refractory B-ALL.
  • Retrospective analysis of 269 patients with relapsed/refractory B-ALL undergoing allo-HSCT after CAR-T (n=142) or chemotherapy (n=127) from multicenters.
  • Comparison of 3-year overall survival, relapse-free survival, and graft-versus-host disease rates between both treatment groups.
  • 3-year overall survival was 66.8% for the CAR-T group and 72.3% for the chemotherapy group.
  • 3-year relapse-free survival was 65.3% for CAR-T and 65.9% for chemotherapy, with similar results for graft-versus-host disease-free survival.
  • The chemotherapy group showed significantly higher rates of first complete remission pre-transplant (37.5% vs. 13.6%; P<0.001) and superior outcomes in that subgroup.

Cite This Study

Li et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a44aedf5cd2549c8bc43fbchttps://doi.org/10.1093/oncolo/oyag247
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Bridging With Chimeric Antigen Receptor T‐Cell Therapy or Chemotherapy to Allo‐ HSCT in B‐ ALL : A Comparison of Treatment Complications and Survival2026 · 1 citations
  2. 2Pre-transplant CAR T-cell therapy is associated with inferior survival and increased non-relapse mortality in pediatric B-ALL: A single-center retrospective analysis2025
  3. 3Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation following chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL): A systematic review and meta-analysis.2026
  4. 4Pre-transplant MRD negativity and TP53 mutation status determine survival after CAR-T therapy bridged to allo-HSCT for refractory/relapse B-ALL.2026
  5. 5Pre‐Transplant MRD Negativity and Age Under 40 Predict Superior Long‐Term Survival in Relapsed/Refractory B‐ ALL After CAR ‐T Therapy Bridging to Haploidentical HSCT : A Multicenter Retrospective Study With 6‐Year Follow‐Up2026