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July 2, 2026International Journal of Energy Studies

Does trade openness improve environmental quality? New evidence from the CO₂–renewable energy nexus

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Authors

SSShahrzad Safaeimanesh

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Overview

Randomized trial reveals trade openness affects CO₂ emissions in Türkiye, suggesting implications for environmental policy.

Key Points

  • The study aims to analyze how trade openness, renewable energy, and economic growth impact CO₂ emissions in Türkiye.
  • Analyzed data from Türkiye between 1990-2021
  • Employed Granger causality tests and Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach
  • Examined both short- and long-run dynamics of trade, renewable energy, and emissions
  • A 1% increase in income per capita raises CO₂ emissions by about 0.70%
  • A 1% rise in renewable energy consumption leads to a 0.16% decrease in emissions
  • Trade openness has a negative long-run effect on emissions but is insignificant in the short run

Cite This Study

Shahrzad Safaeimanesh (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a45ffd19ed13430313100bahttps://doi.org/10.58559/ijes.1844301
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