Relationship Between Hot Pepper Consumption and Ulcer Symptoms in Patients With Peptic Ulcer Diseases at Federal Medical Centre, Keffi, Nasarawa State of Nigeria

Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) is a prevalent gastrointestinal disorder in Nigeria, with dietary factors potentially influencing symptoms. This study examined the relationship between hot pepper consumption and ulcer symptoms in PUD patients. A narrative cross-sectional study design was conducted among 180 PUD patients attending Federal Medical Centre, Keffi, Nigeria. Data on socio-demographics, clinical features, and hot pepper consumption were collected using a well-structured questionnaire. Chi-square tests and logistic regression assessed the relationship between hot consumption and PUD symptoms. Majority (80.6%) of PUD patients consumed hot peppers regularly. Significant associations were found between hot pepper consumption and epigastric pain (χ2 = 4.21, p = 0.04), bloating (χ2 = 5.15, p = 0.02), and nausea (χ2 = 3.85, p = 0.05). Patients consuming hot peppers regularly were more likely to experience these symptoms. Hot pepper consumption is significantly associated with exacerbation of PUD symptoms. Dietary counseling on moderating hot pepper intake is recommended for PUD patients in this population.