Prevalence and determinants of dyslipidemia among residents of Kurdistan Region of Iraq; a community-based study

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain the leading cause of global mortality, with dyslipidemia being a major modifiable risk factor. Dyslipidemia remains inadequately studied in developing countries like Iraq, so this study aims to assess the prevalence and determinants of dyslipidemia among residents of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. This cross-sectional study was conducted between January and April 2025 and included 1132 participants aged ≥ 18 years. Dyslipidemia was defined based on prior confirmed diagnosis with documented laboratory, chronic disease registry identification card or specialist physician report. The overall prevalence of dyslipidemia was 13.5%, lower than neighboring regions, with higher prevalence in men (15.8%) compared to women (9.9%). Significant determinants of dyslipidemia in multivariable logistics regression included low education (OR 3.197, 95% CI: 2.257–4.527), obesity (4.039, 2.464–6.619), hypertension (6.301, 4.205–9.44), and ischemic heart disease (11.21, 6.16–20.43). These findings underscore the need for public health initiatives focused on promoting healthy lifestyles, particularly in at-risk populations, to reduce the burden of dyslipidemia and prevent cardiovascular events.