Emerging approaches for thrust vector control in RF-type electrodeless plasma thrusters

The growth of the deep space economy depends on robust communication and transport networks supported by proliferated space systems that provide redundancy against single-satellite failures. These systems require dynamic missions involving frequent maneuvers, which demand versatile propulsion technologies. Electrodeless plasma thrusters excel in thrust-vectoring capabilities, ensuring high maneuverability and longevity. This review focuses on the operational principles of low-power electrodeless plasma thrusters of RF-type, geometric and electromagnetic approaches, technological advancements, and future directions for enhanced small satellite agility. Practical application milestones include successful flight tests.