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July 5, 2026The International Journal of Humanities EducationOpen Access

Learning in Polarized Times

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Authors

VSVíctor Renobell SantarénSFSilvia Fuentes de FrutosMPMariela Ruth Gómez Ponce

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Overview

Multimethod analysis highlights the impact of affective polarization on student engagement and learning outcomes in Spain.

Key Points

  • This article aims to explore how affective polarization, social media, and hybrid media diets influence humanities education.
  • Conducted a survey of 735 citizens, with 62% being university students in Spain.
  • Performed sixteen stratified qualitative interviews to gather in-depth insights.
  • Analyzed interactions among digital media usage, partisan identities, and student expectations about disagreement.
  • Found high levels of affective polarization among younger, ideologically extreme respondents (p<0.05).
  • Identified that social media and partisan talk shows contribute to reinforcing selective exposure and moralized content.
  • Highlighted practices of emotional self-regulation and moderated online community participation as adaptive strategies by students.

Cite This Study

Santarén et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a49f503f5d1d45b28800174https://doi.org/10.18848/2327-0063/cgp/a192
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