Brain‐Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Associated Signaling in Kidney Diseases

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a key member of the neurotrophin family that promotes neuronal function via its receptor kinase TrkB. However, recent work has demonstrated BDNF as a multifaceted regulator beyond its classic roles in the nervous system, particularly in renal patho-physiology. This review summarizes the recent advances about BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway in various kidney diseases, including chronic kidney disease (CKD) and acute kidney injury (AKI). Upon binding TrkB, BDNF initiates specific intracellular signaling pathways, such as PI3K-Akt, MAPK-ERK, and PLCγ, to support cell survival, mitochondrial function, cytoskeletal integrity, and anti-inflammatory responses. As such, the BDNF-TrkB pathway represents a potential target for renal protection and regeneration, warranting further mechanistic and clinical investigation.