Experimental Investigation of Ideal Gas Behavior Using Real-Time Data Logger System

Understanding ideal gas macroscopic behavior is often constrained by conventional laboratory instruments with low temporal resolution and parallax errors. This study evaluates the reliability of a real-time data logger system in verifying the thermodynamic characteristics of gases under isothermal (Boyle’s Law) and isochoric (Gay-Lussac’s Law) conditions. The apparatus integrates a data logger station with a digital barometer and a thermocouple probe. Quantitative analysis employed linear regression and uncertainty evaluation based on the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM) framework. For Boyle’s Law verification, the experimental data yielded an average PV constant of 20286 hPa·mL with a relative uncertainty (RU) of 0.355%. Linear regression between pressure and reciprocal volume (P versus 1/V) produced a coefficient of determination approaching unity, indicating excellent agreement with the theoretical prediction. Meanwhile, Gay-Lussac’s Law testing yielded an average P/T constant of 3.30128 hPa/K with an RU of 1.541% and a coefficient of determination of 0.99. The low uncertainty values and high linearity obtained under both experimental conditions indicate that the developed instrumentation provides stable and reliable real-time measurements of thermodynamic variables. These findings demonstrate the suitability of the data logger system for quantitative investigations of gas behavior under controlled laboratory conditions.