Non-nitro-Containing Biocidal Compounds: Balancing the Energy and Biocidal Properties by Incorporating Furazans

Infectious diseases caused by bacteria and viruses demand advanced energetic biocidal materials. Herein, we report azo- and azoxy-bridged furazan-based compounds synthesized via a one-step strategy from 3-amino-4-iodo-1,2,5-oxadiazole. ( E )-1,2-Bis(4-iodo-1,2,5-oxadiazol-3-yl)diazene and its azoxy derivative exhibit high iodine contents (60.7% and 58.5%, respectively), favorable detonation velocities (5633 and 5921 m s –1, respectively), and detonation pressures (21.68 and 23.63 GPa, respectively), comparable to those of nitro-containing analogues. They also show 99.9% killing of Staphylococcus aureus with a high level of gas production. This work provides a rational design strategy for addressing biosecurity challenges.