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Shows that ideal quantum coin tossing can be achieved without bias against cheating, suggesting new insights into quantum mechanics.
It has been claimed that ideal quantum coin tossing is impossible, both symmetrically and asymmetrically. The claim is partly based on the assumption that the shared entangled state cannot be verified. This assumption perhaps challenges the very foundation of quantum mechanics. However, the claim has been widely accepted. Here, we show that ideal quantum coin tossing is asymmetrically possible. In other words, in a two-party quantum coin-tossing protocol, zero bias against cheating can be achieved by one party.
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Arindam Mitra (2026) studied this question.
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