Finite Element Analysis for Improved Hand Exoprosthesis Design: Assessing Two Structural Approaches

Hand prostheses restore independence, but adoption remains low due to comfort and control issues, requiring further research to enhance user acceptance and function. This study centers on the redesign and mechanical analysis of the joining element that integrates the palm with the phalangeal components of an upper limb prosthetic hand. The rotational shaft clearance fit in the adjoining slot, and the bolt holes of the fastening section revealed an insufficient cross sectional area, which resulted in the initial geometry experiencing stress concentration hotspots. Improved cross sectional loading distribution was achieved by moving fastening holes to the front face, which was the approach taken for redesigning the component. Effective SolidWorks Simulation with correct constraints and loading conditions, which mimic the acting operational conditions of the component, was used for linear static FEA comparison to assess the new geometry. Reducing the maximum von Mises stresses and enhancing load distribution were achieved with the new geometry. It has been shown that the mechanical, operational load resistance, and structural integrity of the prosthetic assembly can be significantly enhanced using the proposed modification. This study underscores the impact of optimization in structural engineering, drawing from computational simulation to drive design changes.